A new approach to account for the spatial variability of drainage density in rainfall-runoff modelling

M. Di Lazzaro; A. Zarlenga; E. Volpi

doi:10.21701/bolgeomin.125.3.003

Autores/as

M. Di Lazzaro University of Roma Tre, Engineering Department
A. Zarlenga University of Roma Tre, Engineering Department
E. Volpi University of Roma Tre, Engineering Department

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.125.3.003

Palabras clave:

dendidad de drenaje, función de amplitud, modelos precipitación-escorrentía, Western y High Cascades

Resumen

La definición de la densidad de drenaje como el inverso de dos veces la longitud de la ladera-a-canal permite la creación de mapas, basados en Análisis Digital del Terreno, que son capaces de revelar claramente el marcado contraste entre provincias geológicas vecinas. Este contraste, que está profundamente correlacionado con los patrones de disección del paisaje, también gobierna variables hidrológicas fundamentales tales como tiempos de residencia, conductividades hidráulicas, coeficientes de escorrentía y producción de sedimento. Los enfoques tradicionales en el modelado precipitación-escorretía, basados en la derivación geomorfológica de la distribución de áreas de alimentación como una función de la distancia a la salida (función de amplitud), son capaces de tener en cuenta los efectos de la variabilidad de la densidad de drenaje en los tiempos de respuesta hidrológica (efecto directo). Sin embargo, no tienen en cuenta los efectos indirectos de la densidad de drenaje en términos de escorrentía potencial. En este trabajo se propone un nuevo método para combinar en una función única tanto la distribución de las áreas de alimentación como la escorrentía potencial. La obtención de esta función (que definimos como Función de Amplitud Ponderada de la Densidad de Drenaje) se muestra para una cuenca situada en una región donde el contraste hidrológico y geomorfológico es paradigmático: esta es la región situada en el límite entre las provincias geológicas de High y Western Cascades en Oregón, EEUU.

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