Fractal descomposition on morphotectonic subdomains of the morphologic lineaments map in the Deception Island (South Shetland, Antarctica)

C. Paredes; R. de la Vega; R. Pérez-López; J.L. Giner-Robles; J.J. Martínez-Díaz

doi:10.21701/bolgeomin.118.4.002

Authors

C. Paredes Departamento de Matemática Aplicada y Métodos Informáticos. E.T.S.I. de Minas. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
R. de la Vega Departamento de Explotación de Recursos Minerales y Obras Subterráneas. E.T.S.I. de Minas. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
R. Pérez-López Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad San Pablo CEU
J.L. Giner-Robles Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad San Pablo CEU
J.J. Martínez-Díaz Departamento de Geodinámica. Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas. Universidad Complutense de Madrid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.118.4.002

Keywords:

Antarctica, Deception Island, fractal dimension, Levy-Lee, morphologic lineament, tectonic zoning

Abstract

The Deception Island (Archipelago of the Shetland of the South, Antártida) is an active seismo-volcanic area in the Antarctic continent. The last and recent eruptive period in 1967, 1969, 1970, and the high frequency of low magnitude earthquakes demonstrate it. The island is in a complex geodynamic setting that establishes SO-NE and NNO-SSE the more important directions of tectonic control, however is not known how the complex geometric organization of fracture networks and faults affects in the distribution of the volcanism and the seismicity in the island. In order to study such effect, in this work a 1:25000 map of the morphologic lineaments is prepared, from a bibliographical synthesis, morphometric analysis of the relief and aerial image processing. The result is validated by means of comparison with a fracturation model of the island. In order to find an structure in the lineament patterns on this map their fractal aggregation and occurrence have been analyzed. The aggregation has been characterized according to a model of Levy-Lee with exponent D, detecting three behaviours in the azimuthal distribution of the fractal dimension: D<1,5, D = 1,5, and D>1.5, that allow to differentiate six sectors on the island. The space occupation of the fractures has been characterized by means of the estimation of the fractal covering dimension Do which allowed to distinguish the areas in which these tend to distribute uniformly (greater values of Do = 1,62 in NE of the island) or clustered (lower values of Do = 1,39 in zone SW). The joint evaluation of geographic disposition of the zones with similar fractal aggregation and occurrence characteristics has allowed establishing a subdivision in zones where the morphology of the lineament patterns bucket of similar way. The comparison of this zoning with the volcanism typology and/or recent activity allows to establish a possible relation between the type of volcanic activity and the complexity of the pattern in which it happens.

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