El volcanismo basáltico de la Formación Dumisseau en la Sierra de Bahoruco, SO de la República Dominicana: registro del magmatismo de pluma mantélica de la Provincia Ígnea Caribeña
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.128.3.002Palabras clave:
basaltos, Formación Dumisseau, magmatismo de pluma mantélica, Provincia Ígnea CaribeñaResumen
La Fm Dumisseau aflorante en la Sierra de Bahoruco ofrece la oportunidad de estudiar en tierra el magmatismo de pluma mantélica generador de la Provincia Ígnea Caribeña (CLIP) durante el Cretácico Superior. Consiste en una secuencia de unos 1.0-1.5 km de potencia compuesta principalmente por flujos basálticos y depósitos piroclásticos máficos, con depósitos sedimentarios volcanogénicos subordinados e intrusiones sin-volcánicas de sills y diques doleríticos. Todas las rocas volcánicas fueron emitidas o re-sedimentadas en condiciones marinas relativamente profundas, como atestiguan también las raras intercalaciones de chert y calizas pelágicas. En base al contenido en MgO, TiO2 y de elementos traza incompatibles, en la Fm Dumisseau se identifican tres grupos geoquímicos: toleitas pobres en Ti; basaltos ricos en Ti o transicionales; y basaltosalcalinos ricos en Ti y en LREE. La modelización geoquímica indica una procedencia a partir de fundidos generados e incorporados a diferentes profundidades en el manto, lo cual es consistente con los procesos que tienen lugar durante el ascenso de una pluma mantélica bajo la corteza oceánica. Dos edades 40Ar/39Ar de roca total indican la extrusión de magmas al menos en el intervalo 92-74 Ma (límite Turoniense-Coniacense a Maastrichtiene), resultando coetáneos con la formación del CLIP. Como consecuencia, la Fm Dumisseau constituye un fragmento emergido del CLIP, con el que debe tener continuidad a través de la Dorsal de Beata. Estas rocas aparecen discordantes bajo las facies carbonatadas con algas rojas del Eoceno medio-superior, constituyendo el basamento volcánico cretácico de la Sierra de Bahoruco.
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