Methods and instrumental techniques for the study of acidic water systems

P. Acero Salazar; M.ª P. Asta Andrés; C. Torrentó Aguerri; M.ª J. Gimeno Serrano; L. F. Auqué Sanz; J. B. Gómez Jiménez

doi:10.21701/bolgeomin.122.2.005

Authors

P. Acero Salazar Grupo de Modelización Geoquímica, Área de Petrología y Geoquímica del Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Zaragoza
M.ª P. Asta Andrés Grupo de Modelización Geoquímica, Área de Petrología y Geoquímica del Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Zaragoza
C. Torrentó Aguerri Instituto de Diagnóstico Ambiental y Estudios del Agua (IDAEA), CSIC
M.ª J. Gimeno Serrano Grupo de Modelización Geoquímica, Área de Petrología y Geoquímica del Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Zaragoza
L. F. Auqué Sanz Grupo de Modelización Geoquímica, Área de Petrología y Geoquímica del Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Zaragoza
J. B. Gómez Jiménez Grupo de Modelización Geoquímica, Área de Petrología y Geoquímica del Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Zaragoza

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.122.2.005

Keywords:

geochemistry, methodology, mining, sampling, sulphide minerals

Abstract

From a geochemical point of view acidic waters are very complex systems in which many interaction processes take place between surface and ground waters, gases (particularly atmospheric oxygen), acid-generating minerals, solid phases responsible for the natural attenuation of elements in solution and also many types of biological activity. Owing to this high complexity, the quality and reliability of any geochemical study focusing on this type of system will depend largely upon the use of appropriate methods of sampling, preservation and analysis of waters, minerals, gases and biological samples. We describe here the main methods and techniques used in geochemical studies of acid waters associated with sulphide mineral environments, taking into account not only the various sample types but also the features of the main types of system (open pits, tailings ponds, acid streams etc.). We also explain the main applications and limitations of each method or technique and provide references to earlier technical and scientific studies in which further information can be obtained.

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