Cyclicity recorded in the provenance sandstones in the sedimentary infill of the Cameros basin (N. Spain)

L. González-Acebrón; J. Arribas; S. Omodeo-Salé; E. Arribas; E. Le Pera; R. Mas; M. López-Elorza; P. R. Fernández-Díaz

doi:10.21701/bolgeomin.124.2.004

Authors

L. González-Acebrón Dpto. Estratigrafía. Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas. UCM - Instituto de Geociencias, IGEO, CSIC
J. Arribas Dpto. Petrología y Geoquímica. Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas. UCM - Instituto de Geociencias, IGEO, CSIC
S. Omodeo-Salé Dpto. Petrología y Geoquímica. Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas. UCM - Instituto de Geociencias, IGEO, CSIC
E. Arribas Dpto. Petrología y Geoquímica. Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas. UCM - Instituto de Geociencias, IGEO, CSIC
E. Le Pera Dpt. di Scienze della Terra. Università de la Calabria
R. Mas Dpto. Estratigrafía. Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas. UCM - Instituto de Geociencias, IGEO, CSIC
M. López-Elorza Dpto. Petrología y Geoquímica. Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas. UCM - Instituto de Geociencias, IGEO, CSIC
P. R. Fernández-Díaz Dpto. Petrología y Geoquímica. Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas. UCM - Instituto de Geociencias, IGEO, CSIC

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.124.2.004

Keywords:

Cameros basin, cyclicity, diagenesis, petrofacies, sandstones

Abstract

The intraplate Cameros rift basin in the north of Spain was formed came into being between the Tithonian and the Early Albian and contains 9 000 m of mostly continental sediments. This basin is a good example of cyclicity of different depositional sequences (DSs) in sedimentary environments, which show clear repetition in their sandstone composition (petrofacies) and diagenetic patterns. The DSs are arranged in two megasequences (MSs) separated by a tectonic unconformity. A similar vertical sandstone compositional evolution, subdivided into two stages that repeat cyclically, has been recognised in both MSs: the first comprises quartzo-sedimentolithic petrofacies and the second is made up of several quartzo-feldspathic petrofacies. This was caused by a progression from the recycling of the pre-rift sedimentary cover to the erosion of the mainly plutonic and metamorphic crystalline basement. These changes in the erosion of the different source areas were conditioned by the tectonics of the basin. Furthermore, the original sandstone framework composition conditioned the diagenetic pattern of the two stages: quartzo-sedimentolithic sandstones containing large amounts of very pervasive carbonate cement that reduce their original porosity considerably, and quartzo-feldspathic petrofacies with a rigid framework that maintained the original pores during burial diagenesis. This compositional and diagenetic pattern is probably applicable to other non-volcanic rifted basins, depending upon the original amount of carbonate rock fragments present.

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