Evolución de paleoesfuerzos durante la exhumación de mármoles de alta presión, Complejo de Samaná, norte de La Española
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.128.3.004Palabras clave:
subducción, exhumación, presión de fluidos, paleopiezometría, microestructura, catodoluminiscencia, cataclasis, reología, fragilidadResumen
Los mármoles del complejo de Samaná presentan una foliación generalizada producida en condiciones de deformación descompresiva (2.0>P>0.7 GPa) y a temperatura <500º C. La foliación es de tipo plano-linear y blastomilonítica. La distribución de la deformación es muy heterogénea. Aunque la fábrica tectónica está bien desarrollada, la orientación cristalográfica preferente de calcita es débil porque la fábrica blastomilonítica enmascara una fábrica tectónica previa. Imágenes de catodolumiscencia fría revelan que la foliación de los mármoles comenzó a desarrollarse por flujo friccional. Los modelos termodinámicos indican que sólo un leve aumento del contenido en agua derivado de reacciones metamórficas progradas (1.2%<w.t.H2O<1.8%) pudo producir una sobrepresión de fluidos que desencadenó la cataclasis y la exhumación. La caída del esfuerzo tras la cataclasis y la reducción del tamaño de grano activaron el creep de disolución-precipitación sobre las bandas cataclásticas. Los esfuerzos diferenciales |σ1-σ3| aumentaron progresivamente con la exhumación después del evento cataclástico. La incidencia de maclado de las calcitas registró |σ1-σ3| >350 MPa. El esfuerzo de fluencia medio durante la migración de borde de grano fue |σ1-σ3| <150 MPa. Los altos paleoesfuerzos y las microestructuras de los mármoles son consistentes con las elevadas tasas de exhumación calculadas (>110 MPa Ma-1). Todos estos datos sugieren que la exhumación se produjo siempre próxima al régimen de deformación frágil-dúctil.
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