Addresing environmental challenges to shale gas and hydraulic fracturing

Lucas Vadillo Fernández; Virginia  Rodríguez Gómez; Francisco Javier Fernández Naranjo

doi:10.21701/bolgeomin.127.4.002

Autores/as

Lucas Vadillo Fernández Instituto Geológico y Minero de España
Virginia Rodríguez Gómez Instituto Geológico y Minero de España
Francisco Javier Fernández Naranjo Instituto Geológico y Minero de España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.127.4.002

Palabras clave:

Fracturación hidráulica, fugas de gas metano, gas no convencional, ocupación del suelo

Resumen

El artículo revisa la problemática ambiental del gas no convencional extraído mediante técnicas de fracturación hidráulica. Se exponen aspectos como la tecnología utilizada, las fases de la fracturación hidráulica, las características del agua de retorno y su eliminación, el consumo de agua necesario, las características físico-químicas de las formaciones, el desarrollo de las fracturas realizadas por la fracturación hidráulica, la declinación de los caudales de los pozos, la ocupación del suelo, la sismicidad inducida asociada a la fracturación hidráulica, así como el debate científico abierto acerca de los potenciales pasos del gas metano y la contaminación de acuíferos. Como conclusión se exponen los principales retos ambientales en el caso de España.

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