Disponibilidad y retos actuales de los recursos minerales para la sociedad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.125.1.001Palabras clave:
demanda mineral, materias primas minerales, producción mineral, suministro mineral, uso mineralResumen
La evolución de la producción mundial de minerales y el uso creciente de estos recursos predicen un brillante futuro para todas las actividades ligadas a su exploración, extracción y transformación, aunque ello también signifique contar con la aparición de importantes retos. A corto y medio plazo, la demanda de los recursos minerales es probable que siga siendo alta e incluso crezca, con el fin de satisfacer el aumento de la población mundial y de los niveles de vida de la población que se incorpora. Los desafíos más significativos incluyen el satisfacer la demanda futura con nuevos descubrimientos y el desarrollo de los recursos ya descubiertos, pero todo ello dentro de una visión ambiental, social y económicamente sostenible. En una perspectiva histórica de los últimos 50 años, dentro de la búsqueda de nuevos distritos mineros, el descubrimiento de nuevos tipos de yacimientos minerales y el uso de las nuevas tecnologías en la exploración, sugiere que el mundo no se quedará sin recursos minerales. Es probable que la sustitución y reciclado jueguen cada vez más importantes funciones con destino a satisfacer la demanda mundial de minerales. Las nuevas tecnologías aplicadas a la minería marina ayudarán a añadir estos nuevos recursos a la producción básica. También, las perspectivas históricas sugieren que continuarán los desarreglos en la minería y que los aspectos ambientales, de salud y de seguridad serán factores importantes en la decisión de dónde se encontrarán las minas del futuro y de cómo van a ser operadas.
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