Marine and terrestrial palynofloras from transitional Devonian–Mississippian strata, Illinois Basin, U.S.A.

R. Wicander; G. Playford

doi:10.21701/bolgeomin.124.4.005

Autores/as

R. Wicander Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Central Michigan University
G. Playford School of Earth Sciences, The University of Queensland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.124.4.005

Palabras clave:

acritarcos, Devónico Superior, Estados Unidos, miosporas, Misisípico Inferior, prasinofitos

Resumen

Se describen asociaciones palinológicas diversas y razonablemente bien conservadas de las secciones del Devónico Superior de la Pizarra Saverton, de 12.9 m de espesor, y del Misisípico Inferior de la Pizarra Hannibal, de 17 m. Ambas se encuentran expuestas en Atlas South (Pike County, Illinois, Estados Unidos). Las asociaciones microfitoplanctónicas están integradas por acritarcos y prasinofitos. En total, se han identificado 17 géneros y 38 especies, habiéndose descrito dos como nuevas (Cymathiosphaera scitula y Gorgonisphaeridium savertonense) y una nueva combinación (Puteoscortum sprucegrovense). La asociación de miosporas está formada por 13 géneros y 14 especies, de estas una es nueva para la ciencia (Punctatisporites hannibalensis) y otra es una nueva combinación (Vallatisporites hystricosus). La mayor parte de los taxones que se identifican en este trabajo proceden de la Pizarra Saverton. Aquí, las asociaciones microfitoplanctónicas indican una edad Struniense (Devónico Superior) y muestran grandes analogías en su composición con las que se han descrito previamente en el Devónico Superior de Norte América y China. Existe un grado de similitud de bajo a moderado entre estas asociaciones y las registradas en otras partes del mundo. Adicionalmente, las de miosporas corroboran una edad Devónica Superior (LN miospore Zone), como indica su contenido en Retispora lepidophyta, Verrucosisporites nitidus, Indotriradites explanatus y Vallatisporites hystricosus. Se puede inferir una edad Kinderhookiense para la Pizarra Hannibal basada en la disminución significativa de la diversidad del microfitoplancton, la presencia de morfotipos simples, y por la aparición de varios taxones cuyos rangos estratigráficos se extienden al Misisípico Inferior. La palinoflora de miosporas de la Pizarra Hannibal se halla incluso más empobrecida que la de microfitoplancton y está de acuerdo con una edad Misisípico Inferior, aunque esta no es totalmente segura. Evidencias sedimentológicas y paleontológicas-palinológicas indican que los materiales de las pizarras Saverton y Hannibal fueron depositados en la cuenca de Illinois en un ambiente marino normal de baja energía, algo alejado de la costa.

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