Determination of organic compounds for the study of contaminated soils: design of analytical procedures for its adequation to the new spanish legislation (R.D. 9/2005)

Authors

  • M.A. Díaz-Bautista E.T.S. Ingenieros de Minas
  • T. Torres E.T.S. Ingenieros de Minas
  • J.E. Ortiz E.T.S. Ingenieros de Minas
  • J. Reyes Instituto Geológico y Minero de España
  • A. Ilarri Instituto Geológico y Minero de España
  • J.A. Martín-Rubí Instituto Geológico y Minero de España
  • L. Canoira E.T.S. Ingenieros de Minas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.118.1.007

Keywords:

calibration, organochlorine pesticides, PAH, PCB, phenolic compounds

Abstract


The calibration of semivolatile organic compounds (organochlorine pesticides, PCB, PAH and phenolic compounds) has been obtained. They were analysed using different chromatographical techniques based on EPA methods in order to accomplish with the reference levels gathered in the V and VI appendices of RD 9/2005. For the concentration ranges used, an excellent linearity has been obtained for all compounds. For the organochlorine pesticides and PCB the highest sensitivity is obtained with the electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The best technique to determine PAH is liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detector; HPLC with ultraviolet detector is the best one for phenolic compounds.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bagheri H., Saber A., Mousavi S.R. 2004. Immersed solvent microextraction of phenol and chlorophenols from water samples followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1046, 27-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(04)00988-4

BOE nº 15. 18 de enero del 2005. R.D. 9/2005, de 14 de enero, por el que se establece la relación de actividades potencialmente contaminantes del suelo y los criterios y estándares para la declaración de suelos contaminados.

Chanel I. y Chang I. L. 1997. Analysis of organochlorine pesticides and PCB congeners with the Agilent 6890 micro-ECD. Gas Chromatography Agilent publication number 5965-8556E.

Chang I. L. y Sanders W.J. 2000. The analysis of chlorinated pesticides and PCBs using the HP-608 capillary column. Gas Chromatography Application note 228-236, Agilent publication number 5091-7567E.

Cheng Y. 2005. Determination of total phenols in environmental waters by capillary-HPLC with U.S.E.P.A. classified eleven priority pollutant phenols after nitrosation and their visible spectrophotometric detection. Bulletin of the Korean Chemistry Society, 26 (2) 297. https://doi.org/10.5012/bkcs.2005.26.2.297

David F., Sandra P., Stafford, S.S., Slavica B. 1983. Improved sensitivity for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls by GC-ECD using pressure-pulsed splitless injection. Gas Chromatography Application note 228-223, Agilent publication number 5091-6694E.

Díaz N, Alfaro J.M., Garza H. 2001. Método analítico para detectar hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos en agua potable. CIENCIA UANL IV, (4).

EPA method 550.1: Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in drinking water by liquid-solid extraction and HPLC with coupled ultraviolet and fluorescence detection. 1990. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

EPA method 8041: phenols by gas chromatography. 1996. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

EPA method 8081-A: organochlorine pesticides by gas chromatography. 1996. Revision 1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

EPA method 8082: polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by gas chromatography. 1996. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

EPA method 8270C: semivolatile organic compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 1996. Revision 3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

Falck, F.Jr., Ricci A.Jr., Wolff, M.S., Godbold, J. and Deckers, P. 1992. Pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyl residues in human breast lipids and their relation to breast cancer. Archives of Environmental Health, 47 143-146.

Gratzfeld-Huesgen A. 1996. Sensitive analysis of bisphenol A in polycarbonates using HPLC and fluorescence detection. Agilent publication number 5965-9043E.

Greizerstein, H.B., Gigliotti, P., Vena, J., Freudenheim J. and Kostyniak, P.J. 1997. Standardization of a method for the routine analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and selected pesticides in human serum and milk. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 21, 558-566. https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/21.7.558

Grimmer, G., Naujack, K.W., Dettbam, G., et al. 1983. Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as essential carcinogenic constituents of coal combustion and automobile exhaust using mouse-skin-painting as a carcinogen-specific detector. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry, 6 (2), 97-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248309356998

Groner, M., Muroski, A.R., Myrick, M.L. 2001. Identification of major water-soluble fluorescent components of some petrochemicals. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 42 (10) 935-941. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(01)00052-2

Henner, P., Schiavon, M., Morel, J.L. 1997. Lichtfouse E. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) occurrence and remediation methods. Analusis 25 (9-10) M56-M-59.

Hunter, D.J., Hackinson, S.E., Laden, F, Colditz, G.A., Manson, J.E., Willett, W.C., Speizer, F.E. and Wolff, M.S. 1997. Plasma organochlorine levels and risk of the breast cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 337 (18) 1253-1258. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199710303371801

Kuppithayanant N., Rayanakorn M., Wongpornchai S., Prapamontol T., Deming R. L. 2003. Enhanced sensitivity and selectivity in the detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using sequential simplex optimization, the addition of an organic modifier and wavelength programming. Talanta 61, 879-888. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-9140(03)00374-6

Limian Zhao, Hian Kee Le. 2001. Determination of phenols in water using liquid phase microextraction with back extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography A, 931, 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01199-2

Lizhong Z., Yukari T., Takashi A., Hidetsuru M. 1997. Highly sensitive automatic analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in indoor and outdoor air. Talanta 45, 113-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-9140(97)00109-4

Manoli, E., Samara, C. 1999. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in natural waters: sources, occurrence and analysis. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 18, 417. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-9936(99)00111-9

Martínez, D., Pocurull, E., Marce, R.M., Calull, M. 1996. Separation of eleven priority phenols by capillary zone electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection. Journal of Chromatography A, 734, 367. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(95)01299-0

Meng Kai, C. y Szelewski, M. 2002. Fast Screening of PCB Congeners Using the Agilent 6890/5973N GC/MSD System. Gas Chromatography Application note, Agilent publication number 5980-1472E.

Meng Kai, C. y Szelewski, M. 2000. Fast screening of pesticide and endocrine disrupters using the Agilent 6890/5973N GC/MSD system, Part I. Gas Chromatography Application note, Agilent publication number 5968-9220.

Meng Kai, C. y Szelewski, M. 2000. Fast screening of pesticide and endocrine disrupters using the Agilent 6890/5973N GC/MSD system, Part II. Gas Chromatography Application note, Agilent publication number 5980-1057E.

Morales-Muñoz, S., Luque-García, J.L., Luque de Castro, M.D. 2002. Static extraction with modified pressurized liquid and on-line fluorescence monitoring independent matrix approach for the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental solid samples. Journal of Chromatography A, 978, 49-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01424-3

Peñalver, A., Pocurull, E., Borrull, F., Marcé, R.M. 2002. Solidphase microextraction coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography to determine phenolic compounds in water samples. Journal of Chromatography A, 953, 79-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)00113-9

Reese, A., Prest, H. 2002. Retention Time Locked GC-MS Analysis of Phenols. Environmental Application note, Agilent publication number 5988-3934E.

Saltiene Z., Brukstiene D., Ruzgyte A. 2002. Contamination of soil by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in some urban areas. Polycyclic Aromatics Compound 22, 1. https://doi.org/10.1080/10406630210371

Trapido, M. 1999. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Estonian soil: contamination and profiles. Environmental Pollution, 105 (1), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00207-3

US EPA method 8310: Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. 1986. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

US EPA Method EPA 604: appendix A to part 136 methods for organic chemical analysis of municipal and industrial wastewater-phenols. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

US EPA Method EPA 625: appendix A to part 136 methods for organic chemical analysis of municipal and industrial wastewater method 625-base/neutrals and acids. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

US EPA Method EPA 8041: Phenols by gas chromatography. 1996. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

Wolff, S., Toniolo, P.G., Lee, E.W., Rivera, M. and Dubin, N. 1993. Blood level of organochlorine residues and risk of breast cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 85 (8) 648-652. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.8.648

Wong P.K., Wang J. 2001. The accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in lubricating oil over time - a comparison of supercritical fluid and liquid-liquid extraction methods. Environmental Pollution, 112, 407. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00142-1

Downloads

Published

2007-03-30

How to Cite

Díaz-Bautista, M., Torres, T., Ortiz, J., Reyes, J., Ilarri, A., Martín-Rubí, J., & Canoira, L. (2007). Determination of organic compounds for the study of contaminated soils: design of analytical procedures for its adequation to the new spanish legislation (R.D. 9/2005). Boletín Geológico Y Minero, 118(1), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin.118.1.007

Issue

Section

Articles